We The Surgeon General did put a immediate halt to the administration of the Polio Vaccines a month after they where made public when like 9 people with it died of Polio
To me it's the main/over all plot of Ghost In The Shell: SAC Season 1. The difference is that there are plenty of people in real life that know what's going on instead of in the series where it took about ten to fifteen years to get the truth out.
There's no treatment or cure for smallpox. A vaccine can prevent it. But the vaccine's side effect risk is too high to justify routine vaccination for people at low risk of exposure to the virus.