There is a lot we could learn from Germany, but any broad comparison isn't possible for a ton of reasons.
1. Administrative burden in the US is 2 to 8 times higher.
2. Doctors make much more in the US than Canada or Germany.
3. The US spent $1,443 per capita on pharmaceuticals but the average of 11 developed countries with "free" healthcare came to $749 per capita.
4. It's far easier to manage health outcomes in smaller and more homogeneous countries like Germany. We have 325 million compared to Germany's 82 million.
5. The US has far more specialists in healthcare than Germany and other "free" healthcare countries.
6. Individualized services cost more in the US than other countries. An MRI averages over $2600 vs $350 in Australia and $461 in the Netherlands (couldn't find averages for Germany).
7. Long wait times for treatment, for example, are not as much of an issue for Americans as they are elsewhere. In treating heart attacks and strokes, the U.S. actually has the best record of any country. We also are willing to do a knee replacement on a healthy 85 year old ... other countries ... not so much. They're not willing to pay for it based on the person's age. Sucks if you're 85 and need a knee replaced.
In short, doctors get paid more (somestudies suggest that other countries actually need to pay their healthcare workers MORE). Hospital services and diagnostic tests cost more. And a lot more money goes to planning, regulating and managing medical services at the administrative level.
Germany has a fantastic system and the US could learn a lot from them. Conversely, we have some distinct advantages that we don't need to abandon so we can copy Europe.
The problem is that there is so much money involved, people get crazy and refuse to even consider changes that may benefit the general population but seriously affect a portion of the population in a negative way.