Consider the Makhnovists, a federation of 7 million anarchists controlling the territory of Ukraine from 1919-1921. They practiced anarchist communism and fought the Bolsheviks.
The Spanish anarchists acted against the Republican government and expropriated large estates and private property, collectivizing their workplaces for themselves and squatting churches and different buildings to be repurposed for giving items in need to peasants through a voucher system. They did this without the use of the state.
The libertarian communists in the Zapatista rebel territories rebelled against the Mexican government and the US trade agreement and established their own commune which today holds more than 300,000 comrades. They try consensus democracy and hold popular assemblies, plus practice a decentralized network of mutual aid to provide to all. No leaders, no government.