Is this satire? Seeing your comments here, I'm sure this won't convince you, because it seems you want to believe what you want to believe; but I'll give it a shot anyway. Firstly, the amendments don't give power to the federal government, but to the people, the states. Thus, "well-regulated", even if it meant what you think it means, would be for the states to regulate, and not the federal government (see the 10th amendment). Secondly, to understand what the constitution actually means, one needs to look at the debates which formed and created it (not what people, either Republican or Democrat, wish it said). Another good way is to look at the states at this time, which reflect exactly what I'm talking about. For example, both North Carolina and Virginia stated that "the people have a right to keep and bear arms; that a well regulated malitia, composed of the body of the people trained in arms (i.e. regulated), is the proper, natural, and safe defense of a free state (Virginia); that standing armies (the federal government), in times of peace, are dangerous to liberty, and therefore ought to be avoided. So here we have "regulated" but it means, a non standing army, also not the National Guard (that came later), but a militia, full of non professionals (the people), ready to defend themselves and their state if they need to. Further, Elbridge Gerry, debating the 2nd amendment in 1789, said this "What, sir, is the use of a militia? It is to prevent the establishment of a standing army, the bane of liberty... Whenever governments mean to invade the rights and liberties of the people, they always attempt to destroy the militia, in order to raise an army upon the ruins" So no, the 2nd amendment had nothing to do with slavery or Reconstruction, but with holding off tyranny. I'll end with this "What country can preserve its liberties if their rulers are not warned from time to time that their people preserve the spirit of resistance. Let them take arms."
- Thomas Jefferson, letter to James Madison, December 20, 1787