I dealt with parts per billion in a past life, it takes a micro brain to think on this scale, for which I am eminently qualified. CO2 has been much higher in the past- in excess of 2000 ppm and life thrived (age of the dinosaurs if you will), CO2 is essential for life. It has been as low as 200 ppm and life struggled (post extinction if you will)- like most science dealing with what happened millions of years ago, it's a guess, but through geology, we have a number of touchstones to base our guesses off of. Let's put 400 ppm in perspective. I did this a while ago
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It takes crediting CO2 with much more affect than it has by a tactic, Climate Changers call it forcing- in short, they dismiss the warming affects of the sun, and they make CO2 into a super mirror that only reflects heat back to earth, but allows it to pass through from the sun. Logic says that it would equally reflect back to space what it reflects back to earth, essentially balancing. The battle for the earth is loss of heat to deep space radiation- heat moves to cold- thermodynamics. Climate temperatures are more influenced by water vapor- a significantly higher % of the atmosphere and the very nature of the water cycle moderates the temperatures of the earth.
People will point to the Vostok Ice Cores as the definitive measurement of CO2 levels, however, ice (like water and oil and gas bearing formations) is both porous and permeable, with differing gases able to migrate out at varying rates. Think about it- ice forms when temperatures drop and CO2 levels are at their lowest, plant activity is negligible then. Mauna Loa is the supposed benchmark for world CO2 levels, yet it is on an active volcano belching CO2 at varying rates- increasing recently as we find from the homes recently burned up by it erupting on Hawaii. Not all is as it seems. The world is just fine.