There are local taxes to support local schools. Schools also receive federal funding, which is based on enrollment. The state I live in allows parents to choose whether their child goes to a private (charter) school or public school. Some of that school funding goes with the child to the private school if that happens. Public school system has now become top heavy with administration costs, and what some people think are excessive retirement benefits. Many people don’t like the social engineering going on in public schools, which frequently have very little discipline within the classrooms. Often it is not a good learning environment.
Many of the private school schools, sometimes classified as charter schools, put more emphasis on educating the basics of math, reading and science.