I have no idea where you get this faux history - it's even more off than the usual. The Jews always were ruled by kings - like pretty much everyone on Earth was. Freedom? To get stoned to death for picking up sticks on the Sabbath? Heck, simply making ice cream is a sin according to their dietary restrictions.
Israel was destroyed by the Assyrians. That was the end of it.
Judeans were freed by the Iranians, earning their king, Cyrus, the title of their first Messiah and the only Gentile one ever. That's where the Zoroastrian influence began to leak into Judaism. Cyrus, btw, is credited with being the first to establish human rights, as seen in the Cyrus Cylinder made in 539BC.
Rights are authorized, codified, and granted by goverments. Inablienable is just a fancy word to make them sound like they carry weight. If they were really inalienable, there'd be no reason to come up with in the first place, they would be basic instinctive behavior. You can say cattle have the right to defend themselves, that that's why they have horns. They don't need that simple fact to be codified into law in order to give them permission to use said horns for that purpose.
God has not granted people any rights, just sought to restrict them - according to lore. Whatever rights people have are subject to being superceded by the whims of the Gods. People were cast out of Eden for asserting their rights and going against the command and will of God after they ate of the fruit and acquired free agency - the God that granted people with the independence to utilize individual free choice is the Serpent, not the other jealous wrathful God who condemned all of humanity to a life of pain as punishment for it.
The Founding Fathers created and granted these 'inalienable rights' to men - men just like them, rich landowning WASP men of higher breeding, the neu Aristocratic class that was to rule the ignorant plebian class. Only later did they expand that to all WASP landowning men, then a decade after to Catholics as well, and Jews a decade after that. Slaves, Native Americans, women - they had to wait a century or two to get them - in fact, to this date, children still aren't allowed these so-called inalienable rights, nor are other species.