The POLYTHEISTIC (Persians religion at the time) faith of the Persians was centered on the clash of positive, bright forces, which maintained order, and negative, dark energies that encouraged chaos and strife. The Persian pantheon was presided over by Ahura Mazda, the all-good, all-powerful creator and sustainer of life, who gave birth to the other gods.
Islam is "Repackaged Polytheism".
Like Akhenaten (1352-1336 BC), Muhammad chose one god, from among hundreds of pagan gods, to be his one monotheistic god. Both merely repackaged polytheism and called it monotheism. Since archeology only recently discovered details of Pharaoh Akhenaten in the late 19th century, it is clear that Muhammad had never even heard of Akhenaten. But the similarities between these two founders of religion are evident.
Sources if needed:
https://www.bible.ca/islam/islam-polytheism-pharaoh-akhenaton.htm
https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-middle-east/persian-empire
So to say the Battle of Thermopylae protected Europe from Islam is a somewhat correct assessment.