Hi Kate, thank you very much for your edition. :)
The 5 Solas are as follows:
1. Sola Scriptura
2. Sola Fide
3. Sola Christus
4. Sola Gratia
5. Soli Deo Gloria
I think most Protestants believe in only the 4 Solas, minus, Sola Gratia because they do not subscribe to Calvinism like I do.
All five are linked to the Reformation movement in that they're the doctrines that counters the RCc's.
1st Sola is against the Papal authority to interpret scripture.
2nd Sola is against the RCc's view on soteriology. The way to be saved is Faith + Works, which includes the 7 Sacraments (as you know, not all sacraments apply to all as Holy Orders are only for those of whom God calls to Priesthood to Monastic ministry)
3rd is in response to Mariology and Saint intercession, as well as, for the fact that Jesus alone saves, and not via, the church. Salvation is strictly personal and so does not involve the church.
4th is the most controversial among us obviously, but salvation is by Grace (salvation given undeserved by His sovereign choice), through faith (the means which the Elect enters to obtain eternal life)
5th is where it counters what it appears to us, Marian and Saint worship and so we say, all glory, should come to God alone.
I'll return later.