Yes, Satanism is considered a religion by many practitioners and scholars, though it's important to understand that it's a diverse and often misunderstood umbrella term.
There isn't just one type of Satanism, and they can vary significantly in their beliefs and practices. The two most prominent forms are:
Atheistic/LaVeyan Satanism:
Founded by Anton LaVey in 1966 with the Church of Satan.
Key Beliefs: They do not worship Satan as a literal deity. Instead, Satan is viewed as a symbolic figure representing individualism, self-indulgence, rebellion against traditional authority, and rejection of supernaturalism. It's largely an atheistic philosophy that emphasizes personal freedom, rational self-interest, and living life to the fullest in the here and now.
Practices: Often involve rituals (sometimes called "Greater Magic" or "Lesser Magic") that are more psychological theater or personal affirmations rather than appeals to supernatural entities.
Theistic Satanism:
Key Beliefs: Practitioners of theistic Satanism do believe in Satan as a literal deity or supernatural entity. They may worship Satan, work with him, or see him as a liberator figure who challenges oppressive structures. Their beliefs can vary widely, drawing from occult traditions, Gnosticism, or even reinterpretations of Abrahamic texts.
Practices: Can involve worship, invocations, and rituals directed towards Satan.