Israeli leaders and intelligence officials held a faulty assumption that Hamas was more interested in economic stability in Gaza than in launching a large-scale attack. They also underestimated Hamas's military capabilities.
And, Civilian and military leaders shifted intelligence resources away from Gaza to prioritize other perceived threats, such as Hezbollah and Iran.
Also, They Failed to challenge preconceived notions: Even when intelligence indicated Hamas was preparing for an attack, leaders dismissed or misinterpreted these reports because they contradicted the prevailing wisdom.