Super Sonic is not a god. He's just a stronger version of Sonic. And Mario is one of the Star Children, meaning that he's basically a demigod/god. Also, Mario fought all these guys in his BASE form. Every god-like entity that Sonic has faced was almost always in a Super Form (Infinite is he only exception, but he doesn't really go above planet level, and Sonic had help from the Rookie). Hell, Sonic couldn't even really "kill" these gods. He either only weakened them (Solaris, Perfect Chaos, Erazor Djinn, and Dark Queen, Nega Mother Wisp, Void, Black Dragon) or temporarily stopped them (Dark Gaia and The End). Even if Sonic were to use any of his super forms, Mario can just nullify them with the Star Beam, Crystal Stars, or Pure Hearts.