In my 1968 Basic Combat Training class on "Hand to Hand Combat," we were taught by a WWII combat veteran, who had actually employed the techniques to save his own life. I have confirmed this training is still in effect today. He said that if we encountered an armed combatant while unarmed, our first and most important option was to use our feet....and run. He said that we should try to avoid such encounters if possible and evade them when that failed. Police are taught to not hesitate to use their weapon if they have reasonable expectations that a perp may try to kill them. "The Quick or the Dead," analogy is used. If you heard a warning that an unidentified person had "a gun," followed seconds later by an aggressive attack on your position, you would be authorized to use deadly force to defend yourself and the officers near you from a perceived deadly threat. Her training and the cop's training met that fateful day. She ignored hers, while he heeded his. This tragedy played out as a result.