Fox
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For the U.S. television network, see Fox Broadcasting Company. For other uses, see Fox (disambiguation).
"Foxes" and "Vixen" redirect here. For other uses, see Foxes (disambiguation) and Vixen (disambiguation).
Foxes
A red fox in Västernorrlands Län, Sweden.
A red fox in Västernorrlands Län, Sweden.
Scientific classificationEdit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Canidae
Subfamily: Caninae
Groups included
Some Canini species:
†Dusicyon cultridens
Cerdocyon
Cerdocyon thous
Lycalopex
Lycalopex culpaeus
Lycalopex fulvipes
Lycalopex griseus
Lycalopex gymnocercus
Lycalopex sechurae
Lycalopex vetulus
All Vulpini species
Vulpes
Vulpes lagopus
Vulpes vulpes
Vulpes velox
Vulpes macrotis
Vulpes corsac
Vulpes chama
Vulpes pallida
Vulpes bengalensis
Vulpes ferrilata
Vulpes cana
Vulpes rueppelli
Vulpes zerda
Some primitive Canidae species
Urocyon
Urocyon cinereoargenteus
Urocyon littoralis
Urocyon sp.
Otocyon
Otocyon megalotis
Cladistically included but traditionally excluded taxa
All other species in Canini
Foxes are small to medium-sized, omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the family Canidae. They have a flattened skull, upright triangular ears, a pointed, slightly upturned snout, and a long bushy tail (or brush).
Twelve species belong to the monophyletic "true foxes" group of genus Vulpes. Approximately another 25 current or extinct species are always or sometimes called foxes; these foxes are either part of the paraphyletic group of the South American foxes, or of the outlying group, which consists of the bat-eared fox, gray fox, and island fox.[1]
Foxes live on every continent except Antarctica. The most common and widespread species of fox is the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) with about 47 recognized subspecies.[2] The global distribution of foxes, together with their widespread reputation for cunning, has contributed to their prominence in popular culture and folklore in many societies around the world. The hunting of foxes with packs of hounds, long an established pursuit in Europe, especially in the British Isles, was exported by European settlers to various parts of the New World.
Contents
1 Etymology
2 Phylogenetic relationships
3 Biology
3.1 General morphology
3.2 Pelage
3.3 Dentition
3.4 Behaviour
3.5 Sexual characteristics
3.6 Vocalization
4 Classification
5 Conservation
5.1 Island fox (Urocyon littoralis)
5