Did your instructor tell you how those this "affects" the economy? It doesn't affect anything not directly, but what he means is that humans respond to this, and that will influence the economy. It's always the human interaction to event that has the consequences If he denies that, I'd look for a different teacher if I were you. The economy is not dependent on the environment. It's because we humans put value in the environment that the environment has economical effects... Or rather it affects us humans, we respond, and so does the economy, in that order.
And no, my teacher, or rather multiple teachers were NOT teaching religion. You take what you THINK you know as a religion blinding your for that facts and keep denying them. I HATE religion, and I only keep it to science, but the problem behind economy is that science is exact. Economy only becomes exact when you measure numbers, but the numbers are always generated by how people make them to be. Does a movie sell well? Humans decide? Economic effects follow? Do we need electric cars in stead of patrol cars? (Environmental question). Humans decide, economy follows. Does the damage of an environmental disaster need to be paid up, or is there a different solution? Humans decide, economy follows. That's the order it goes. This is also why economy is hard, and even next to impossible to predict exactly, as nothing is as unpredictable as human behavior. How long you need to get from point A to point B, when you know A and B are 5km away from each other and you travel with a constant speed of 10 km/h, is just calculating. If stock markets collapse because an earthquake destroyed an important office of a big company like Microsoft or Apple, is completely dependent on how shareholders respond, and shareholders are humans, and the economic impact is based on this response.
No matter how you put it, it always comes down to human behavior. No religion. God does not determine how people think, and how much trust they have in the economy, after something bad happens. Economy is not an exact science for this very reason. The fact that you try to make it so, shows you don't know what economy is and how it works.
Whenever you hear people say that stuff affect the economy, they mean that humans respond to the event, and economy follows, however, this is a crapload of text to say all the time, so they leave it out to save text, but still that step happens. Still humans always stand between economy and whatever else