History: Black Speech was created to be the antithesis of Quenya. While Quenya is a beautiful, flowing language, Black Speech is harsh, agglutinating, and difficult to pronounce. Interestingly enough, you can find certain elements of Elvish in Black Speech (for example, Uruk (Black Speech)=Orch (Sindarin)= Orc (English)). It took on two forms: the ancient, "pure," form, as originally devised by Sauron, and the debased form used by some of the orcs. It was later further developed by linguist David Salo for the Hobbit movies. Language: Black Speech; Creator: J. R. R. Tolkien; Purpose: It was created to be the primary language of Mordor. In the story, Sauron created it in an unsuccessful attempt to unite his minions under one common language. Intriguingly, Tolkien disliked it, and always felt a little uneasy when writing in it, which is why it has such a limited vocabulary in it's original form. Example: Ash nazg durbatulûk, ash nazg gimatul, ash nazg thrakatulûk, agh burzum-ishi krimpatul (One Ring to rule them all, one Ring to find them, one Ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them).
