I think a huge draw to gang culture can also be growing up without a strong sense of belonging or an example of leadership, if those things aren't available in a family environment or in a community environment then it's not hard to see how kids can get caught up in it.
Stereotypically a sense of leadership for young boys might come from male relatives, if they aren't available or are unhealthy influences, it makes kids really vulnerable.
The higher rates of arrest for poc mean that boys in their families are at an increased likelihood of growing up without a role model.
Explaining Discrepancies in Arrest Rates Between Black and White Male Juveniles.
"To summarize, findings suggest that increased exposure to early risk factors account for most discrepancies in juvenile arrest rates between Black and White boys, as race was no longer a significant predictor of general, violence-related, or theft-related arrests once risk factors were accounted for in the models. Note that these risk factors can be identified in childhood well before boys can be charged with a crime, emphasizing the importance of early prevention efforts. However, the current study assessed difficulties in the second grade, and environmental processes may have already influenced the development of problem behavior by that time.
The current findings should not be interpreted as evidence that being Black causes the development of problem behavior that leads to arrest (Hawkins, 2003). Rather, early environmental factors are likely responsible for the racial differences observed in these risk factors. For example, Moffitt (1994) posited that institutional racism has put Black youths at risk for poor prenatal health care, malnutrition, and exposure to toxins, which can result in psychological problems.
Moreover, institutional racism creates undue hardship for Black parents, which can influence parenting and other family characteristics that contribute to the child’s problems.
These difficulties are then further compounded by disadvantaged school systems, fewer employment opportunities, poor neighborhood quality, and the like. Thus, the fact that African American boys are at increased risk for experiencing individual and contextual risk factors of arrest suggests the need to also intervene on a larger societal level."
J Consult Clin Psychol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2010 Nov 15.
Published in final edited form as:
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2009 Oct; 77(5): 916–927.