I haven't changed my W4 in 25 years. I claim 0, in order for there to be the maximum withholding. I actually made slightly less this past year than in 2018, yet instead of a refund like last year, I owe.
If I were reading this, I would guess that the poster is leaving something out, but I cannot imagine what would cause a swing of thousands of dollars. I am not a financial expert, but neither am I an idiot. I am not a twenty-something with their first job, though can understand why some might assume this.
It had not occurred to me that it was actually my employer who is responsible for withholding, but I had already planned to check on the W4 status. I am starting to wonder if they were tinkering with their payroll system and screwed something up. But to clear, I was wrong about who is responsible for withholding. I am not wrong about my W4.
Also, I have heard also a few others report a similar surprise, which prompted my economy concerns. If my result is due to some change in the tax laws, then others may well be affected as well. It shouldn't be difficult to see how that could prompt economic turmoil.