The claim that the United States lacks the equipment to process heavy crude oil is a major misconception. In reality, nearly 70% of U.S. refining capacity is designed to process heavy, sour crude oil.
The Gulf Coast Infrastructure: Decades ago, billions of dollars were invested to equip U.S. refineries (especially along the Gulf Coast) with complex processinh units called "cokers". These systems are uniquely engineered to break down dense, high-sulfur oil like that found in Venezuela and Canada.
The Refinery Mismatch: The U.S. actually produces an abundance of light, sweet crude domestically through fracking, but its advanced refineries still rely on importinh heavy crude to run at peak efficiency. The U.S. possesses roughly 50% of the world's total capacity to refine heavy crude oil.