The psychological basis of the stereotype
Repressed conflict: One theory suggests that some people with deep-seated conflicts about their own sexual identity may project these feelings outward as homophobia. This is not a universal truth about all homophobic people, but it does explain some instances.
Authoritarian upbringing: A 2012 study found that participants with a conflicted sexual identity were more likely to have controlling parents. These individuals were also more likely to express anti-gay attitudes and support discriminatory policies.
Unconscious arousal: A 1996 study found that heterosexual men who scored high on a homophobia scale showed an increase in penile erection when watching male homosexual pornography. Non-homophobic heterosexual men did not have the same physiological response.
Projection: Some psychologists suggest that the intense fear of being "outed" can lead to outward homophobia. By repressing their own feelings and attacking others who are openly gay, individuals may attempt to throw suspicion off themselves.
