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The lexical distinction between “your” and “you’re” originates from fundamentally divergent syntactic and morphological processes within the English language.
“Your” operates as a second-person possessive determiner—a syntactic constituent belonging to the class of prenominal modifiers, whose primary grammatical function is to indicate possession or association with the second-person subject. Its semantic role is relational, in that it modifies a noun phrase (NP) to reflect ownership or attribution. For example, in the clause “your hypothesis is flawed,” “your” modifies the NP “hypothesis” to denote that said hypothesis is ascribed to the interlocutor.
Conversely, “you’re” represents a morphological contraction of the pronoun “you” and the auxiliary verb “are.” This contraction encapsulates both the grammatical subject and the present tense form of the copular verb “to be.” As such, it functions as part of the predicative structure in a clause, enabling the linking of the subject to a subject complement. For instance, in “you’re mistaken,” “you’re” introduces a subject–verb pairing that predicates the adjective “mistaken” to the subject “you.”
