"IN CONTRAST TO PSYCHIATRY’S MEDICAL MODEL, OTHER MODELS OF EMOTIONAL SUFFERING AND BEHAVIORAL DISTURBANCES DON’T ASSUME THAT A MEDICAL ILLNESS IS CAUSING EMOTIONAL SUFFERING OR DISTURBING BEHAVIORS. NON-MEDICAL MODELS CONCLUDE THAT THERE ARE MANY REASONS THAT HAVE NOTHING TO DO WITH MEDICAL ILLNESS AS TO WHY, FOR EXAMPLE, A CHILD DOES NOT PAY ATTENTION AND IS DISRUPTIVE; AND SUCH NON-MEDICAL MODELS CONCLUDE THERE ARE MANY REASONS THAT HAVE NOTHING TO DO WITH BRAIN DEFECTS AS TO WHY AN INDIVIDUAL MAY BE [FEELING BAD, EXPERIENCING THINGS DIFFERENTLY, ETC.]"