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A bacteriophage is a small virus, arguably not even a living thing. It’s “head” is an icosahedron: a shape with 20 heads and 30 edges. The head stands on a pole, with is held up by leg-like fibers. They are the most abundant and successful being to ever roam the planet, with an estimated 10^31 bacteriophages at any given moment: more than all other organisms combined.
Just like any other virus, however, they have a few flaws. They need a living cell to invade, produce and multiply to make more copies of itself. After all, bacteriophages are nothing much but DNA in a hull.
All species of bacteriophages are specialized to one species of bacteria, and maybe a few of its close relatives. Think of it as a cruise missile that only targets members of one very unlucky family.
Once the bacteriophage gains its target, it sort of injects its genetic info using a needle. The bacteria is quickly taken over and is now forced to creat and assemble new bacteriophages. Once the bacteria is full, the final step is the newly created bacteriophages release endoysin: a powerful enzyme that increases the pressure inside the bacteria. Ultimately, the bacteria sort of vomits out its insides and dies, allowing the new bacteriophage to begin the cycle anew. It’s commonly known as the deadliest being on Earth.
With antibiotics resistance on the rise across the world, bacteriophages have been getting more attention from the second deadliest being: humans.
Bacteriophages only target specific species of bacteria, so humans have been using it as an experimental treatment. This was already successful tested when a man had no other hope left.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa: one of the most feared bacteria, infected the man’s chest cavity. It’s naturally resistant to most antibiotics, and can even survive an alcoholic hand gel. At a desperate attempt the clear the infection, the man was injected with a few thousand bacteriophages, along with antibiotics the bacteria was immune to. In the next few weeks, the infection had completely disappeared. Turns out, in order to become immune to even a few species of bacteriophage, the bacteria would have to completely give up its resistance to antibiotics. We could trap them in a catch-22.
We are all slowly, but gradually, moving towards our future, where antibiotics with become obsolete. But, fortunately, injecting the most deadliest beings in our bodies, could save millions of lives.