done already.

?

property taxes? passive income from rent? Tax on profit from sale of real estate?

Property taxes are 2 taxes, a tax on land and a tax on buildings, the latter being taxed the most out of the 2. A land value tax would be a tax on the unimproved value of the land.
The value of the land is created by the community and the infrastructure around it, not by one person's labor.

Land value is created by it's location. Such as beach front and buildability. It's. . . complicated.

yes

So is a property tax.